Analyzing The Categories Of Food Oriented Retailers Using...

Introduction Food-retailing constitutes of various categories when classified using the width and depth assortment classification system. This classification system focuses on the product lines of the food-store. The conventional supermarkets have been facing challenges because of the constant growth of combination stores and the superstore stores. This presents a need for the conventional market to devise ways which will enable them to face this competition. Additionally, it is imperative for a supermarket retailer to estimate the level of market saturation of a particular location before moving into that area. Various ways of evaluating this level exist. This paper will, therefore, analyze the categories of some food-oriented retailers using the width and depth assortment classification system. It will also assess the consequences of the growth of the combination stores and food-based superstores on the conventional supermarket while providing ways which will enable the conventional supermarket to remain competitive in the market. And finally, the ways that a supermarket retailer can estimate the level of market saturation of a location will be evaluated. Part A: Box or the Limited Line Store Box or limited line stores such Aldi, have a focus on a small range of item selection and limited manufacturer brands. Their stock typically constitutes few brands and sizes per item, few to no refrigeration of perishables, and generally have fewer items compared to other foodShow MoreRelatedmarketing questions13877 Words   |  56 Pagesquestion.    ____  Ã‚  Ã‚   1.  Ã‚   An interactive, flexible information system that enables managers to obtain and manipulate information as they are making decisions is called a: a. single-source system b. marketing information system c. primary data system d. marketing decision support system e. database marketing system       ____  Ã‚  Ã‚   2.  Ã‚   The function of _____ is to address what if questions. It entails planning, collecting, and analyzing data relevant to marketing decision making, and the communicationRead MoreA Study on Customer Preference in Retail Store- Adani Store28361 Words   |  114 Pagesdeciding the part of product mix requirement for upcoming hypermarket. 1. INTRODUCTION The first question that must be considered is: what is ‘retail’? The word retail is, in fact, derived from the French word RETAILER, which means to cut off a piece or break bulk. A retailer may be defined as a ‘dealer or trader who sells goods in small quantities’ or’ one who repeats or relates’. Retailing can hence, be considered as the last stage in the movement of goods and or services to the consumersRead Moretest bank16982 Words   |  68 Pagescomputers, the internet, and database marketing software. A) customer-centered strategies B) improved communication flow C) just-in-time manufacturing D) factory customization E) information technology 30) ______ 31) In a simple marketing system, if the automobile industry sends advertising and personal sales messages to prospective buyers, it expects ________ in exchange. A) services B) goods C) money D) information E) image enhancement 31) ______ 32) The strength of the ________Read MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesdemand E) unwholesome demand Answer: D Page Ref: 8 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Moderate 14) People in emerging countries today are becoming increasingly health conscious and are seeking healthy food choices. As a result, demand for health foods is rising steadily, creating an opportunity for marketers to exploit this ________ market. A) demographic B) business C) need D) geographic E) service Answer: C Page Ref: 8 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty:Read MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesvalue with another social unit. Marketing consists of all the activities to facilitate the exchange. Within this societal perspective, then (1) the makers (2) what they are marketing and (3) their potential markets all assume broad dimensions. The category of marketers might include, in addition to business firms, such diverse social units as (a) a political party trying to market its candidate to the public (b) the director of an art museum providing new exhibits to generate greater attendance andRead MoreMarketing Literature Review11908 Words   |  48 Pages 177, 178, 182, 183, 200, 201, 202, 205, 206, 225 Meet the Inner-City Shopper. Marcia Mogelonsky, American Demographics, 20 (December 1998), pp. 38–41. [Survey, Underserved market segments, Minorities, Demographic characteristics, Expenditures, Retailers, Market strategy, Apparel stores, Brand names, Salespeople, Statistical data.] 1 Ys in Love. Hele ne Stapinski, American Demographics, 21 (February 1999), pp. 62–68. [Trends, Generation Y, Traditions, Life choices, Conservative, Early marriages, ComputersRead MoreMarketing Channel44625 Words   |  179 Pagesdistribution D) distribution channel E) physical distribution Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 338 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 4) When suppliers, distributors, and customers partner with each other to improve the performance of the entire system, they are participating in a ________. A) value delivery network B) channel of distribution C) supply chain D) demand chain E) all of the above Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 338 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 5) Most producers today sellRead MoreMarketing Management Mcq Test Bank53975 Words   |  216 PagesPearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16) According to brand asset valuator model, energized differentiation and relevance, the two pillars of brand equity combine to determine what is called brand ________. A) position B) image C) depth D) knowledge E) strength Answer: E Page Ref: 245 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Easy 17) According to brand asset valuator model, esteem and knowledge, the two pillars of brand equity together create ________, a report card on pastRead MoreLinkages Of Peri Urban Community9971 Words   |  40 Pagesinadmissible; the relationship between PUAs, urban and rural areas. PUAs are characterized by the mixed activities in the region; presence of both rural and urban activities. The relationship can be classified into three factors; †¢ Economic: agricultural/food production, industrial activities, commercial setups (e.g. shopping malls, recreational facilities etc.) †¢ Social: religious institutions, educational institutions, place of work, transportation etc. †¢ Environmental: various landuses (residentialRead MoreChap 533156 Words   |  133 PagesActivity-Based Costing and Customer Profitability Analysis Cases |5-1 |Blue Ridge Manufacturing (Activity-Based Costing for Marketing Channels) | |5-2 |Columbo Soft-Serve Frozen Yogurt: Using Activity Based Costing To Assess Channel/Customer Profitability | |5-3 |Wilson Electronics (A) | |5-4 |Wilson Electronics (B)

Adolescent Desires in Where Are You Going, Where Have You...

Connie is like the average American girl who has just hit adolescence. She cant seem to walk past a mirror without examining herself in it first, she is at war with her mother, and thinks about boys round-the-clock. It is a hot summer in the sixties and many teens have little to do so they spend their time out and about at the local shops. The high temperatures send Connie and her friends to do the same. One night while in the street a random man makes a comment towards Connie and she thinks nothing of it. Days later, while alone in her family home the same man shows up at her door. He asks her to join him but she refuses. After a few brash threats she complies and joins the strange man for a ride in his gold car. In the short story, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? by author Joyce Carol Oates the protagonist Connie is conflicted by her desires, adolescent females from all decades can relate to the desires synonymous with adulthood. In the present day many adolescence fall victim when experiencing adolescent desires for attention, some excitement, and the ideas of freedom. When Connie first opens her front door to the familiar stranger it seems innocentÍ ¾ a man pursuing his crush. After a few minutes of chatting Connie realizes that the stranger, named Arnold Friend, is much older than her. Arnold use the fact that she is young to manipulate her, and he â€Å"insinuates himself into her thinking, attempting to persuade her that hes her lover.†. He is trying to beShow MoreRelated Critical Analysis of Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?857 Words   |  4 PagesIn Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? the author, Joyce Carol Oates, essentially asserts that the nuances of ones personality are not generated from within, but rather shaped by external circumstances. This is an argument whose justification is abundantly clear in the inner conflict of Connie, the protagonist of the book. The source of that struggle is her unstable relationship with her family, which ultimately results in her identity conflict. As one who always been deprivedRead MoreFantasy Vs. Reality Where are you going, Where have you been Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pages Fantasy versus Reality in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? by Joyce Carol Oates has a constant theme of reality and fantasy running parallel for 15 year old Connie. This short story begins with a description of Connie’s vain personality. The narrator describes her as pretty and self-centered (Oates 421). To emphasize her selfishness, Connie is contrasted with her sister, June, who is chubby, plain, and well-behaved. Connie’s mother alwaysRead MoreWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1021 Words   |  5 PagesWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been? By Joyce Carol Oates A short story titled Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? tells a tale of an adolescent girl who suffers consequences of growing up in the unsupportive environment and the society preoccupied by the media. It is considered to be the most famous work of Joyce Carol Oates, an American writer, the winner of many significant literary awards and a two- time candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. The story was firstRead More`` Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1447 Words   |  6 PagesImmaturity is a term most commonly associated with adolescence. As a young adolescent, high school is the center of the world and it is difficult to see beyond that. Social status is vital to Connie, the lead character in â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?,† written by Joyce Carol Oats. School is her chance to be who she does not get to be at home. Like Connie, many other adolescents try to act older than they really are. Teenagers are especially prone to this be cause their brains are notRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel An Ounce Of Cure 911 Words   |  4 PagesIdentified, 1986. Print. â€Å"An Ounce of Cure† depicts the challenges of being a young girl, narrated by an unnamed female perspective, taken place in the 1960’s. The main character’s primary conflicts revolve around the battle of inner emotions and desires to be anything but average. The protagonist, which is the young girl in this story, faces challenges while trying to deal with the ending of an overly intensified relationship. It wasn’t until after she had attempted suicide, and had fallen underRead MoreWhere Are You Going? Where Have You Been?1466 Words   |  6 Pages In 1966, Joyce carol oates wrote a short story called â€Å"Where are you going? Where have you been?†. The story is about a young girl name connie who is very beautiful, and because of this her mother hates her. Connie is a troubled teen who finds herself the center a man, Arnold Friend. He first meets her when she went to a drive in restaurant with her friends. On sunday arnold came to her house an d tried to get her to take a ride with him. As she became scared and tried to get him to go away, heRead MoreWhere Are You Going? Where Have You Been?2044 Words   |  9 Pagesstory â€Å"Where Are You Going? Where Have You Been?† both characters, Connie and Arnold, suffer from having dual identities. Connie is an individual who acts completely different outside her home, where she tries to portray an image of being sexually appealing. However, she is the complete opposite within her home, where she hides her sexuality and acts more like the adolescent she really is. Arnold is a mature man, something Connie is looking for in life and this intrigues her. Both characters have troubleRead MoreI Know You Want It1865 Words   |  8 PagesIsabella Salas-Allende Professor Vines FWS: Short Stories 11/8/15 Blurred Lines I know you want it. I know you want it. I know you what it†¦ My back was pressed against the wall, partly because I couldn’t stand up straight on my own. You re a good girl†¦ The obnoxious music penetrated deep past my ear drum and pumped through me. The stench of sweat and stale foamy beer consumed the air. Blackness engulfed me and all the other one hundred clammy bodies in the room. Their erratic body movements wereRead MoreFailed Mother-Child Relationships in Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake2805 Words   |  12 Pagesand taking care of her husband (79). Jimmy quickly realizes thathe must bend to his mother’s moods and learns to find ways of getting her attention.More than anything, he seeks to get any reaction out of her, even if it is negative.Jimmy’s common adolescent attention-getting behavior underscores his mother’sneglectful parenting style, eliciting readers’ sympathy for Jimmy. Jimmy mourns his mother throughout the rest of the novel. At first, his feelingsconfuse him because his mother was not typicallyRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesmultiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user

Homelessness in Canada-Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Questions: Write a paper that discusses the relationship between private property, homelessness, and human rights. Specifically, what is the relationship between market forces, government regulation, and the courts when it comes to the right to adequate housing? Answers: Introduction The global economy and social patterns have experienced huge dynamics with time and have changed significantly with respect to economic growth, development, and social welfare parameters. Over the years, few countries have emerged as prominent players in the global economy and have shown significantly impressive traits in terms of progress in economic, social, political as well as human welfare domains. Canada has been one such country (Schneider pp. 5-7). In the recent few decades, Canada has shown significant progress in the overall framework and currently ranks tenth in the world in terms of nominal GDP. The real estate industry being the most dominant sector, the country also is one of the largest exporters of natural gas and petroleum on one hand and also has a flourishing manufacturing sector on the other hand (Gilpin). However, the country, in the last few decades has been experiencing a critical issue of lack of affordable housing facilities and a resulting problem of homelessness. Much of this can be attributed to the economic prosperity of the country and a consequent increase in the population as well as standard of living of the residents of the country in general, which in turn has lead to increase in the demand for housing (Gaetz, Gulliver and Richter). The essay tries to shed light on this issue of immense concern in the scenario of Canada, emphasizing on the aspects of government regulation, market forces and the legal framework in the domain of adequate housing. Homelessness in Canada One of the primary social issues faced by the governing authorities of Canada is the consistently increasing problem of homelessness in the country. According to the empirical evidences, in the current periods, more than 200,000 residents in the country have to face homelessness and at least 150,000 of the residents are compelled to use homeless shelters at any given point of time (Patrick). There is also another complicated phenomenon occurring in this country, which can be termed as Hidden Homelessness. This, by the definition of the term, refers to those Canadians who cannot afford to have their own homes and have to stay with their relatives or friends. In this aspect it is important to emphasize on the statistics regarding the homelessness in the country which is elaborated in the following section (Crawley et al. pp. 674-680). Degree of homelessness Homelessness being one of the most chronic problems in the country as a whole, the problem is however, more acute in case of certain sectors of the population, specifically in case of single adults lying in the age group of 25 to 55 years, who account for nearly 47.5% of the total homelessness in the country. 20% of all the homeless people in the country comprises of youth, with the problem being more acute in the cases of transgender and different sexually oriented people. The aboriginals of the country are also highly vulnerable to this issue of homelessness, with their problem expanding even more with time (Evenson and Carolann). Homelessness in the country, however, is of different types, depending upon the nature, tenure and extent of homelessness, which, with respect to the scenario in Canada, can be elaborated as follows: Chronic Homelessness- This type of homelessness refers to the problem of long term lack of shelter, which accounts for homelessness of nearly 4000 to 8000 people in the country. Episodic Homelessness- The residents in the country who move in and out of the shelters in the country multiple times in a year, which comprises of nearly 6000 to 22000 people in the country (Gaetz et al.). Transitional Homelessness- In general, transitional homelessness is a type of short-term homelessness in which the people stay homeless for less than a month. This type of homelessness comprises of the biggest share of the homeless population in the country (176,000 to 188,000). Causes of homelessness in Canada As can be seen from the above discussion, homelessness is one of the most acute crises of concern in the country. Canada being one of the most prospering nations in the world, the problem of homelessness comes as a huge concern for the governing authorities of the country (Sylvestre and Bellot). There may be various causes for the continuous and persistent problem of homelessness in Canada, the significant ones being discussed in the following sections: a) Poverty- One of the main contributing factors, which result in the increase in the homelessness in the country, is the presence of poverty in the country, which in turn results in lack of affordability of housing in the country. The magnitude of this problem has increased even more, in the recent years, with the country progressing hugely in terms of economic growth, which in contributed in making the country a lucrative place for staying in terms of employment opportunities, higher standard of living and others (Saddichha et al.). This has resulted in even higher demand for housing, thereby making housing even less affordable. b) Lack of supply- Along with the presence of a higher demand in the housing market of the country already, the lack of supply of affordable housing in Canada has aggravated the crisis even more. Due to the presence of excess demand in the market, the supplies of housing, especially the private sector profit-maximizing ones have increased the price of their housing facilities, which in turn has contributed significantly to the already existing problems of homelessness in the country. c) Increase in inflow of new immigrants- One of the primary reasons behind the increase in the problem of homelessness in the country can be the recent trend of increased immigration in the country from other parts of the world. Canada, in the last few years, have developed immensely in terms of economic and industrial aspects and the country currently boasts of its robust industrial, service and export sectors, which in turn attracts a lot of potential workers from all over the world, for a better standard of living. Apart from the employment sector, the education sector of the country is also one of the primary attractions in the country. Canada has some of the finest universities in the world, which attracts huge number of students from across the country, which in turn increases the demand for housing in the country, thereby increasing their prices. d) Drug and alcohol abuse- One of the contributing reasons behind homelessness in the country, which is very subjective to Canada itself is the presence of the problem of drug, substance and alcohol abuse, which is typically high in the country and is itself separately a cause of concern for the governing authorities of Canada. The problem of drug and alcohol abuse, brings the problem of domestic violence and separation from family which in turn increases the problem of acuteness in the country. e) System failure- The problems of homelessness is not restricted to the demand side only. There is also presence of system failure in the country, which increase the vulnerability of homelessness in the country. The system failures in the residential sector of the country includes lack of supports for the immigrants and the refugees, inappropriate planning for those with mental health issues and addiction to substances and drugs and others. The government of the country, apart from this, has also failed to prevent the illegal activities of tax evasion and political lobbying by the influential classes, which in turn has made the magnitude of the crisis even high (Embleton et al. pp. 435-444). f) Housing investments- In the recent periods, housing facilities are also seen as an alternative and fruitful investment opportunity for the investors as well as households in the country. This in turn has led to the practice of the upper income Canadians to invest in this sector, thereby decreasing the availability and affordability of the middle and lower class even more (Spinello pp. 12-22). Apart from the above-mentioned factors, there also remain other contributing reasons, which cumulatively cause the current problem of homelessness in Canada, in the recent years. Right to Adequate Housing in Canada In Canada, with overall high progress in the economy, the government of the country works effectively as a whole in the domain of social welfare of the residents of the country and has a robust framework of public policies, in order to increase the overall welfare of the people living in the country. In this aspect, adequate housing, in terms of international law, can be defined as the right of the citizens of the country, especially the women, men, children and youth to receive a peaceful residential facility in the community (Norman and Pauly pp. 136-151). In this context, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, along with the protection of other economic and social privileges of the citizens, is also bestowed with the responsibility of ensuring the right of adequate housing of the citizens in the country. The Article 11, especially focuses on this aspect and on the continuous improvement of the living conditions of the people. The Human Rights Declaration also focuses on the same rights in their Article 25(1) (Hovenkamp). However, in the domain of adequate housing, apart from just providing the facility of housing to the residents, there also are certain facilities, which are included: Tenure Security- The residents need protection from forced eviction, intimidations and harassments (Gold pp. 185-198) Availability of infrastructure- The presence of only a physical structure is not sufficient. Under adequate housing, the provisions of safe drinking water, sanitation, electricity and other emergency services should also be made available Affordability- The housing should be available at affordable prices for all strata in the society Location- Adequate housing should be provided to the citizens at convenient locations so as to make working and doing other regular daily activities. However, in spite of the presence of legal framework for facilitating adequate housing in the country, for the residents of the concerned country, irrespective of their income level, affordability and social status, there exists huge lack of housing facilities in the country. This is especially true in case of the middle and lowers income classes as well as the immigrants as well as the refugees in the country, for whom finding a housing matching their requirement as well as their purchasing power (Taylor pp. 255-273). Potential Measures to prevent homelessness in Canada As can be asserted from the above discussion, homelessness is one of the primary issues of concern in Canada and the problem has been continuously increasing with time and increase in the population in the country. The government of Canada has taken considerable steps in this regard to facilitate affordable housings for the residents of the country. However, in spite of these policies, there remains sufficient lack in this aspect, for which the following steps can be taken by the concerned governing authorities: a) Limiting foreign ownership of local lands- One of the main way of increasing housing facilities for the residents of the country is to restrict the buying of land in the country by the foreign individuals for non-residential purpose and restricting this facility to only those who live in the country and are tax payers in Canada only (Daly). b) Restricting tax evasion- The problem of tax evasion is one of the chronic issues in this sector of the country, which in turn illegally helps a sector of the population to acquire residential facilities, depriving a large section of the population. This problem can be mitigated to a considerable extent by implementation of stricter tax policies in this aspect (Waldbrook). c) Housing first strategy- Housing sector has to be prioritized by the governing authorities. Provision of homes should be kept even before drug addiction and mental health problems (Gaetz, Scott and Gulliver). d) Increasing supply of affordable housing- The shortages of affordable housing can be decreased to a considerable extent by the municipality and the governing authorities by increasing the supply of the same and making them more affordable to the residents. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that though Canada has emerged as one of the influential economies in the world, however, the economy is still struggling in several aspects, one f which is the increasing issue of homelessness of the residents of the country. Though the government of the country has taken impressive steps to combat the situation, there remain scopes of improvement in this aspect, which if properly implemented and planned can reduce the problem of homelessness in Canada to a considerable extent. References Crawley, J., et al. "Needs of the hidden homelessno longer hidden: a pilot study."Public Health127.7 (2013): 674-680. Daly, Gerald.Homeless: Policies, strategies and lives on the streets. Routledge, 2013. Embleton, Lonnie, et al. "Causes of child and youth homelessness in developed and developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis."JAMA pediatrics170.5 (2016): 435-444. Evenson, Jeff, and Carolann Barr. "Youth Homelessness in Canada." (2013). Gaetz, Stephen, et al. "Youth homelessness in Canada: Implications for policy and practice." (2013). Gaetz, Stephen, Fiona Scott, and Tanya Gulliver. "Housing First in Canada: Supporting communities to end homelessness." (2013). Gaetz, Stephen, Tanya Gulliver, and Tim Richter.The state of homelessness in Canada 2014. Canadian Homelessness Research Network, 2014. Gilpin, Robert.The political economy of international relations. Princeton University Press, 2016. Gold, E. Richard. "Patents and human rights: A heterodox analysis."The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics41.1 (2013): 185-198. Hovenkamp, Herbert.IP and antitrust: an analysis of antitrust principles applied to intellectual property law. Vol. 1. Wolters Kluwer Law Business, 2016. Norman, Trudy, and Bernadette Pauly. "Including people who experience homelessness: A scoping review of the literature."International journal of sociology and social policy33.3/4 (2013): 136-151. Patrick, Caryl.Aboriginal homelessness in Canada: A literature review. Canadian Homelessness Research Network, 2014. Saddichha, Sahoo, et al. "Homeless and incarcerated: An epidemiological study from Canada."International Journal of Social Psychiatry60.8 (2014): 795-800. Schneider, Friedrich. "Size and development of the shadow economy of 31 European and 5 other OECD countries from 2003 to 2013: a further decline."Johannes Kepler Universitt, Linz(2013): 5-7. Spinello, Richard A. "Intellectual property rights."Library hi tech25.1 (2007): 12-22. Sylvestre, Marie-Eve, and Cline Bellot. "Challenging discriminatory and punitive responses to homelessness in Canada." (2014). Taylor, Susannah. "Structural violence, oppression, and the place-based marginality of homelessness."Canadian Social Work Review/Revue canadienne de service social(2013): 255-273. Waldbrook, Natalie. "Exploring opportunities for healthy aging among older persons with a history of homelessness in Toronto, Canada."Social Science Medicine128 (2015): 126-133.

The use and importance of official crime statistics Research Paper Example

The use and importance of official crime statistics Paper This paper will consider which activities are officially counted as crime and feature in the official crime statistics, opening with a view as to why some activities do, whilst others, quite clearly and equally criminal, do not figure amongst these official statistics. This approach acknowledges that not all crimes, for whatever reasons, are reported to or acted upon by the police. We will consider serious and dangerous activities that some may deem equally criminal but which never find their way into the official statistics as a result of what Steven Box identifies as ideological mystification. Having examined this paradoxical situation, we will consider the futility of using crime statistics in the tracking of crimes, and in the implementation of measures against them. Before addressing this question, it would be helpful to be aware of what official criminal statistics represent in reality, and what they can actually tell us. Given this understanding, it seems that we can never be completely sure that the data, which represent certain activities as crime, fully reflects the true extent to which crime is being committed. There are many variables that need to be taken account of, such as the number of pursuits legally counted as crimes that are actually being reported to, and recorded by, the police. The most important issue here is the requirement for consistency in recording; yet the discretion that we know to be open to, and exercised by, the police affords them the freedom to manipulate the records in order to suit some hidden agenda or ulterior motive (e. g. he need for the police to meet Key Performance Indicators; or attempts to show crime as being higher or lower than the figures would in actual fact suggest), thus allowing the statistics to be constructed in such a way as to mislead and misinform politicians and the general public about the level of crime in our society. We will write a custom essay sample on The use and importance of official crime statistics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The use and importance of official crime statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The use and importance of official crime statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, if we do not have a clear picture from true and accurate statistics, it would appear to be futile to rely on these for the purposes of tracking crime or, indeed, in applying the measures taken against it. The dark figure of crime (unrecorded crimes) is not represented within the official criminal statistics. These unrecorded crimes can include anything from the pilfering of property in the workplace, to vandalism and the violent abuse of women and children within the home, (Muncie, J. 1998). These are crimes more usually picked up in self-reports or victimisation studies conducted by the British Crime Study (BCS) and which can be said to illustrate something of the disparity existent between the official statistics and peoples life experience of crimes. In 1982 and 1984, the BCS suggested that only about half of known crime is reported to the police. Since this is the case, and given the fact that very little is known about the bulk of criminal activity in Britain, the official crime statistics are far from representative of the reality of crime in Britain and so are of very little use in informing policy measures taken against it; although it could be argued that they may be of some use to certain politicians wishing to embark upon a law and order campaign. It could also be argued that these statistics may be used to point the finger at certain sections of the populace for purely political reasons. Steven Box (1981), poses the powerful argument, for example, that criminal laws are little more than ideological constructions representing the interests of an influential ruling elite. Box argues that laws tend to focus on those victimizing behaviours that are considered more serious and given greater prominence in the public perception, as constituting the most serious of social problems and deserving of no less serious responses. Crimes such as murder, rape, robbery and burglary are clearly reflected within the official crime statistics as perpetrated by predominantly young men of low socio-economic status. Amongst these, the uneducated, unemployed and ethnic minorities are over-represented and form the bulk of the prison population. This apparently tells us that particular sections of the populace are the most likely perpetrators of crime and criminal activity within society. However, statistics such as these do not tell us that, as Box indicates, far more serious crimes and criminality occur on a regular basis yet go unnoticed. A large number of these offences are crimes committed by the rich and powerful, which are carried out on the relatively powerless; real people who suffer avoidable death and serious injury for want of the proper implementation of current health and safety regulations at work and elsewhere. Criminal law also excludes from protection consumers who have been sold faulty products through the malpractices of manufacturers, or shareholders that incur losses resulting from the deliberate mismanagement of a company by its directors or senior management. (Box, 1981). Thus, the official criminal statistics would appear actually to hide the crimes of the more powerful, wealthy and privileged individuals within society whilst simultaneously serving to overemphasize and overstate those criminal activities of the weak. This effectively distorts and renders unreliable the official picture of crime as portrayed by the state. In relation to our question, it would appear then that the official crime statistics are far from representative of the true extent and reality of crime in our society, and although the vast majority of people wish to be protected from the very real crimes featured in the official statistics, they are notoriously unreliable indicators of the incidence of crime or, indeed, of the types of crime being committed in contemporary Britain. Therefore, the remainder of the question seems to be a fruitless pursuit unless we wish to advocate various conspiracy theories and speak in terms of the official crime statistics serving purposes such as controlling targeted sections of the populace by tracking their particular activities and informing the measures taken in combating these, whilst simultaneously serving to cover up the crimes of the rich and powerful elite and distract attention from their activities. In point of fact, that line of argument would result in the assertion that the official crime statistics actually serve to help maintain this particular, current, status quo.

Temperate Grasslands (Climate, Vegetation, Animals)

Temperate Grasslands (Climate, Vegetation, Animals) Biomes are the worlds major habitats. These habitats are identified by the vegetation and animals that populate them. The location of each biome is determined by the regional climate. Grassland biomes consist of temperate grasslands and tropical grasslands, or savannas.   Key Takeaways: Temperate Grasslands Temperate grasslands are areas of open grassy plains that are sparsely populated with trees.Various names of temperate grasslands include pampas, downs, and veldts.Temperate grasslands can be found in various regions north and south of the equator including Argentina, Australia, and central North America.Temperatures vary with seasons with tornadoes, blizzards, and fires occurring in many temperate grassland regions.Temperate grasslands are home to many large and small herbivores. Temperate Grasslands Like savannas, temperate grasslands are areas of open grassland with very few trees. Temperate grasslands, however, are located in colder climate regions and receive less precipitation on average than savannas. Climate Temperatures in temperate grasslands vary according to the season. In winter, temperatures can plummet to well below 0 degrees Fahrenheit in some areas. In summer, temperatures can reach above 90 degrees Fahrenheit. Temperate grasslands receive low to moderate precipitation on average per year (20-35 inches). Most of this precipitation is in the form of snow in temperate grasslands of the northern hemisphere. Tornadoes, Blizzards, and Fires   nickalbi/iStock/Getty Images Plus Three natural factors that impact temperate grassland biomes are tornadoes, blizzards, and fires. A stretch of the plains region in the United States is termed Tornado Alley due to tornado hyperactivity. This region extends from northern Texas through North Dakota and extends east into Ohio. Tornadoes are spawned as warm air from the Gulf meets cold air from Canada generating around 700 tornadoes per year. Temperate grasslands located in colder regions also experience icy winters and blizzards. High winds generate sudden snowstorms that spread across the plains. Due to the hot, dry summer climate, wildfires are common in temperate grasslands. These fires are usually sparked by lightning but are also the result of human activity. The thick dry grass fuels fires that can spread for hundreds of miles. While fires are destructive in nature, they also ensure that prairies remain grasslands and are not overtaken by scrub vegetation. Location Temperate Grassland Locations. Terpsichores/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0   Grasslands are located on every continent with the exception of Antarctica. Some locations of temperate grasslands include: Argentina - pampasAustralia - downsCentral North America - plains and prairiesHungary - pusztaNew Zealand - downsRussia - steppesSouth Africa - veldts Vegetation Low to moderate precipitation makes temperate grasslands a difficult place for tall plants such as woody shrubs and trees to grow. Grasses of this area have adapted to cold temperatures, drought, and occasional fires. These grasses have deep, massive root systems that take hold in the soil. This allows the grasses to remain firmly rooted in the ground to reduce erosion and to conserve water. Temperate grassland vegetation can either be short or tall. In areas that receive little precipitation, grasses remain low to the ground. Taller grasses can be found in warmer areas that receive more rainfall. Some examples of vegetation in temperate grasslands include: buffalo grass, cacti, sagebrush, perennial grasses, sunflowers, clovers, and wild indigos. Wildlife American Bison.   Juan Carlos Munoz/The Image Bank/Getty Images Plus Temperate grasslands are home to many large herbivores. Some of these include bison, gazelles, zebras, rhinoceroses, and wild horses. Carnivores, like lions and wolves, are also found in temperate grasslands. Other animals of this region include: deer, prairie dogs, mice, jack rabbits, skunks, coyotes, snakes, foxes, owls, badgers, blackbirds, grasshoppers, meadowlarks, sparrows, quails, and hawks. More Land Biomes Temperate grasslands are one of many biomes. Other land biomes of the world include: Chaparrals: Characterized by dense shrubs and grasses, this biome experiences dry summers and damp winters.Deserts: Many people assume falsely that all deserts are hot. Deserts are classified according to location, temperature, and amount of precipitation.Savannas: This large grassland biome is home to some of the fastest animals on the planet.Taigas: Also called coniferous forests, this biome is populated by dense evergreen trees.Temperate Forests: These forests experience distinctive seasons and are populated by deciduous trees (lose leaves in winter).Tropical Rain Forests: This biome receives abundant rainfall and is characterized by tall, dense vegetation. Located near the equator, this biome experiences hot temperatures year round.Tundra: As the coldest biome in the world, tundras are characterized by extremely cold temperatures, permafrost, tree-less landscapes, and slight precipitation. Sources Hoare, Ben. Temperate Grasslands. Raintree, 2011.Nunez, Christina. Grasslands Information and Facts. National Geographic, 15 Mar. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/grasslands/.

Free Essays on More Just Societies

More Just Societies Let’s take a trip back in time into the 1960’s. African Americans were facing very harsh discrimination against them by white Americans. African Americans faced many hardships and were mistreated very poorly. Even earlier in history look at Native Americans. The â€Å"White Men† came onto their land and territory and mistreated and basically took over their land. Well, times have changed a lot since those days, and Americans are trying to give back to the Native Americans and African Americans were given rights as individuals and are not treated like they are not human anymore. But humans as a society still have much to work on. The United States has much to work on within our own society. There is so much mistreatment such as racism, sexism, and even ageism. Individuals look at the color of one’s skin, their sex, and even their age before they even look at the person and already begin to judge that individual. So as a society we need to look past the persons outside and see the person for who they are and what they believe in. Society has been changing for the better because there was a time when one could not get a job just because of the color of their skin, of whether or not they were male or female. Society does still a little judging of one’s skin color and by their sex, but I believe society will never be able to completely look past certain things. As a society we just need to minimize how much we judge and look upon one another. There are a few possible ways to reduce discrimination within our society today. The most affective way to reduce discrimination is to make it illegal. This method is not too logical because there is no way to affectively enforce this. People need to just keep in mind what American stands for, which is â€Å"freedom†. There are methods currently in place trying to make the U.S. a more just society. One of these methods is to have quotas that companies o... Free Essays on More Just Societies Free Essays on More Just Societies More Just Societies Let’s take a trip back in time into the 1960’s. African Americans were facing very harsh discrimination against them by white Americans. African Americans faced many hardships and were mistreated very poorly. Even earlier in history look at Native Americans. The â€Å"White Men† came onto their land and territory and mistreated and basically took over their land. Well, times have changed a lot since those days, and Americans are trying to give back to the Native Americans and African Americans were given rights as individuals and are not treated like they are not human anymore. But humans as a society still have much to work on. The United States has much to work on within our own society. There is so much mistreatment such as racism, sexism, and even ageism. Individuals look at the color of one’s skin, their sex, and even their age before they even look at the person and already begin to judge that individual. So as a society we need to look past the persons outside and see the person for who they are and what they believe in. Society has been changing for the better because there was a time when one could not get a job just because of the color of their skin, of whether or not they were male or female. Society does still a little judging of one’s skin color and by their sex, but I believe society will never be able to completely look past certain things. As a society we just need to minimize how much we judge and look upon one another. There are a few possible ways to reduce discrimination within our society today. The most affective way to reduce discrimination is to make it illegal. This method is not too logical because there is no way to affectively enforce this. People need to just keep in mind what American stands for, which is â€Å"freedom†. There are methods currently in place trying to make the U.S. a more just society. One of these methods is to have quotas that companies o...

Open innovation is a phenomenon in search of a theory. (Birkinshaw) Essay

Open innovation is a phenomenon in search of a theory. (Birkinshaw). Critically evaluate this statement, examining current aca - Essay Example Can open innovation be introduced at McDonalds at the fry cook level, or is it only feasible among people with Ph. Ds? Does every individual personality work with open innovation, or are some personality types more effective under closed system? Might open and closed be points on a continuum that should be shifted for different circumstances? Might there be hybrid approaches, such as beginning a project using open innovation and finishing it using closed? How can open innovation be balanced against the needs of management? Does open innovation reduce or increase transparency? Many of these questions have been answered only summarily, some not at all, and some might be in principle beyond the present ability to answer. Yet theory guides research just as research guides theory: Creating a theory of open innovation, however tentative and likely to change, could help to create hypotheses that could be tested, models that could be explored, and predictions that could be proven or disprove n. This paper advances a theory of open innovation that claims that open innovation is in fact a more specific case of a general balance between the costs and benefits of command and control, and that open innovation is from an organizational behavior and institutional theory perspective a shift to bottom-up practices; as such, it depends crucially on loyalty to the institution, involvement in decision-making, corporate culture, management avoiding chilling effects, and other factors. I identify open innovation as a solution to the intellectual property version of the tragedy of the commons problem and as the internal flipside of the open source movement. Open innovation will be defined for the purposes of this paper as â€Å"a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology† (Chesbrough, 2003). Open innovation involves firms creating institut ional practices to reap the benefits of internal innovation, such as with â€Å"innovation time† initiatives, and external innovation. Open innovation is in essence the model of most universities. Within the university system, a researcher's data is owned by the university and/or by the companies or stakeholders that funded or initiated the study, yet they also retain some copyright and control. The information is made publicly accessible, either subsidized to be free or for a nominal fee, so that research can be facilitated. Researchers have tremendous latitude to experiment and investigate down their own lines of inquiry. Open innovation, then, alongside the parallel but distinct concept of open source, is an attempt to replicate the intellectual output of the university and of similar institutions that allow information to be more freely created and disseminated. Albert (2008) points out how antithetical this is to many traditional notions of corporate capitalism: The assu mption made is that companies both reap 100% of the benefit of communal intellectual property yet retain 100% in-house, which are contradictory assumptions. In practice, firms are faced with a difficult dilemma. Both internally and externally, they must control access to their information to remain competitive and prevent competitors from harming them, yet doing so reduces the net amount of innovation. Innovation depends on cross-referencing. Knowledge doesn't occur in a vacuum: If someone looks at a problem and can't be sure what

Analysis of the New CIO Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of the New CIO - Assignment Example I would have to agree with the assumption. Due to the fact that has briefly been leveraged in question 1, this author can recognize that whether one considers the way that communications take place throughout an organization, the method that payments are ultimately disbursed, the means by which information systems are kept up to date, the programs that drive the economic and accounting systems that ultimately derive the bulk of the organization’s profits, or the maintenance and sustainment of the infrastructure that records timely and extraordinarily important historical data, IT forms the backbone and transit system through which each of these processes run. This has mainly developed out of a sheer under-appreciation for and lack of resources being allocated to the elements of IT within a given organization. As a function of the dotcom crash and the subsequent slowdown of the economy, resources have continually been robbed from IT and redistributed elsewhere throughout organizations. This has meant that systems and processes that should be updated and renewed on a monthly or yearly basis are left antiquated. Such a practice necessarily means that a type of capability gap with regards to what current technology, within the possession of the IT department and the organization, can effect with regards to the demands of the current economy is much limited. In a one word answer to the above question – no. The fact of the matter, as has been described by the given case study that was analyzed, is the fact that the IT manager and/or CIO has within his grasp the broadest and overarching responsibilities of any managerial position within a given firm or organization. Due to the level of interaction and tie-ins with the different departments, IT ultimately forms the backbone of the organization in question and means that this is the most dynamic management position within most organizations.  Given the fact that the dotcom madness had occurred outside of the concerns of the given firm, the fact of the matter is that the firm is open to a degree of development that other firms had already developed poor habits within.  Ã‚  

The efforts required in an intercultural marriage Essay Example for Free

The efforts required in an intercultural marriage Essay In an intercultural relationship there are more efforts and dedication that are required from the two individuals. This is due to the fact that miscommunication is a common scenario. Even the simplest factors can be the cause of misunderstandings. What is the norm of a person can be unacceptable to the other. These aspects are not limited to significant issues such as religion, norms, values, financial issues, social status, and the outlook in like specially those dealing with the nurturing and developing of the children. Issues also revolve around simple subjects and points of discussion such as the food, the duties of the couple, the clothes, the priorities, and even the friends and the social activities (Romano, 1997). These factors describe every aspect of the life that is being shared by the couple. In this view that defines a variety of facet that has a high percentage of divergence, it can be viewed that misinterpretation is inevitable. Thus, the couple exerts an extra amount of work to be able to completely understand each other and attain a successful marriage. Success in terms of marriage can be equated to the contentment and fulfillment that an individual can achieve from a relationship. Intercultural relationship is a complex process due to the fact that the success of the relationship is a product of the interplay of the complex factors associated with the dissimilar origin. This can be supported by the study conducted on the achievement of intercultural marriages taken the effect of religion. Results generated showed that even in cases wherein the couples are of the same religion, which lessens the incurred differences, the coupes that are belonging to the same race and culture are comparatively more successful. Thus, in terms of the observable parameter used, these couples have less arguments and misunderstandings (Fu, Kendall, and Tora, 2001). Another significant consideration is the pressure that can be generated by the relationship to the women. This is in relation to the roles that they have to carry out in an intercultural marriage (Fu, Kendall, and Tora, 2001). Women are commonly the one to conform in the culture and tradition of the men. The society is composed of an intricate web of interpersonal relationship. In cases such as this, the norms and traditions even in an advanced era oftentimes dictate that the women are the one to adjust to the tradition of the society from which the men belong. Women appease to this set-up due to the strong sense of duty that is given to the norms of the family (Romano, 1997). Although as the results of the study have shown that women usually take a bigger role and experience a higher degree of change in their personal life, both parties have to sacrifice a part of their well being to be able to attain a compromise and achieve a successful life together. Norms and traditions are essential part of every person’s well being and compromising in an intercultural relationship may also mean losing a part of one’s way of life. Thus, it is a struggle to maintain this type interpersonal relationship. One of the struggles that can be encountered is unconventional traditions than can be unacceptable and detestable to the partner. In cases such as this additional communication and ultimately understanding is required. Communication is necessary due to the fact performing such activities and practices are common to the partner and cannot be viewed negatively, thus, any harm done to the other person was not consciously performed. Intercultural communication is an essential and vital element in the relationship of individuals in the society and the world. It applies to every conversation, every transactions and every variation in character and culture, thus, it is worth a try to be able to attain the wanted intercultural marriage success and contentment (Casmir, 1997). Conclusion Based on the result of the research conducted, there is an increase in the efforts that is required from couples of different norms and traditions to be able to attain success in an intercultural marriage. This means a comparatively more trials and obstacles to overcome on every aspect of the relationship and each individual’s personal being. This can be trying and tedious endeavor but success is not impossible and achieving a lasting and worthwhile relationship is worth all the risk. References Bacas, J. L. (2003). Cross-border marriages and the formation of Transnational Families: A case study of Greek-German couples in Athens WPTC-02-10. Transnational Communities Programme. Retrieved July 3, 2006 from http://www. transcomm. ox. ac. uk/working%20papers/WPTC-02-10%20Bacas. pdf Casmir, F. L. (1997). Ethics in Intercultural and International Communication. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Constable, N. (2003). Romance on a Global Stage: Pen Pals, Virtual Ethnography, and Mail-Order Marriages. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Fu, X. , Kendall, H. , and Tora, J. (2001) Marital Happiness and Inter-Racial Marriage: A Study in a Multi-Ethnic Community in Hawaii. University of Calgary. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 32 (1), 47. Romano, D. (1997). Intercultural Marriage: Promises Pitfalls. Washington, DC: Intercultural Press.

Journeys End by RC Sheriff - How does the Opening Grab the Audience’s Attention? :: English Literature

How does the Opening of Journey’s End grab the Audience’s Attention? R.C Sheriff’s â€Å"Journey’s End† is a piece of First World War literature and presents a realistic picture of life in the trenches as he had known it and a interpretation of the horrors from the war. It is set in 1918, and opens on Monday March 18th. It is placed in a dugout in the British Trenches before St Quentin. It is a powerful play expressing many different sides of the war from the death and fighting to the way the recruits spend their spare time. This play involves the â€Å"C† Company including a Company Commander and four officers. In Act 1 scene 1 the previous company has had a quiet posting with only irregular attacks and the German troup movements are just starting. The opening is one example of the way R.C Sherriff has tried to make it fun as well as stern. He opens with Hardy singing a song, â€Å"One and Two, it’s with Maud and Lou†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , which also shows that some parts are unrealistic and not showing a war the way we all know a war to be like. The first two characters we are introduced with are Hardy and Osborne. Hardy is the incompetent, casual and good humoured soldier which brings the hilarity and light hearted side of war to the audience’s attention. Osborne on the other hand is the opposite from Hardy. He displays experience and discipline to the dugout. He is also very fair-minded and level headed. In this scene they introduce Stanhope to the viewers but they have conflicting views on him. Hardy quotes: â€Å"Stanhope really is a freak† showing he doesn’t have a positive opinion on Stanhope. Whereas Osborne quotes in his favour â€Å"He’s a long way the best company commander we’ve got†. With the contrast in views and the appearance of Stanhope yet to be seen is making the audience question: â€Å"What is Stanhope really like?†. During the conversation between Hardy and Osborne we’re told that they are expecting a new officer, from Osborne saying, â€Å"I hope we’re lucky and get a youngster straight from school. They’re the kind that do best†. There is also a question over â€Å"The Big Attack† which we are yet to be knowledgeable about. This is known because the conversation, â€Å"†¦the big German attack’s expected any day now†¦ I should think you’ll get it right in the neck† between the two officers tells us so, which keeps us interested to find out more. This play is a slice of real life with documentary realism. It has all the right parts to it from the comic of Hardy’s jokes to the

Coroprate Restructuring

Restructuring also conveys the certain information of the business decision to another party. It also can be because of poor performance, hence restructuring loud pull out the business entity from the parent company and make it a standalone company. Most occasions, restructuring is to correct the poor strategic decisions made in the past. The company we are going to talk about is â€Å"Sony† it is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation. Its diversified business is primarily focused on electronics, games, entertainment and financial services sectors.The first form of restructuring include divestitures, it is the sale of a business segment to another party. Sony has decided to sell off its AVIVA line of PC's in a move that effectively takes the Japan based company out of the PC market. This is a result of Sonny's poor sales performance, by doing this the organization get rid of a business entity that was pulling them down and it provides a sharper focus for the manage ment. Hence their shares would be increased as their drop their poor performance sector.Divestitures may arise due to negative synergy arising from poor decisions on past acquisition on poor decisions made during periods of high growth. Much evidence seems to show generally that by announcement of selling companies results in a positive share prices response. Spin off has been done recently by Sony as they have detached a business entity with TTS own assets and liability. It allows the management to focus on their core business. What it does is they debut independent company by detaching part of a parent company's assets and operations.They are trying to spin off their Titration TV. This is because of strong competition from both locally and internationally with Phillips and Samsung as their strong competitors. It allows the shareholders to have shares in both companies. The next method would be Carving Out. This method is very similar Spin off, with the difference being a very tech nical one which is the carving out of shares of the new many is offered to the public. It leads to lower premiums and higher gains for the buyers and for the sellers.They increase the likelihood of successfully closing the deal. Capturing these advantages would require them to look beyond the financial to understand the challenges ahead associated with the change. The carved out company trades as an independent company. Government owned company to private investors. The reason for prevarication is to increase efficiency, individual share ownerships and revenue for the government. In Japan, the Japan Post was a government owned corporation in Japan existed from 003 to 2007.It has over 400,000 employees throughout Japan was the nation's largest employer. As being a government-owned corporation, would allow more efficient and flexible use of the company's funds that would help revivalist Japan's economy, which was recovering from recessions in 1991. Prevarication also prevents corrupti on and patronage. This can be accomplished by the sale or lease. It can be accomplished by the government selling 100% of an enterprise, or selling 51%, or even by selling a minority stake as long as the private sector is given full managerial control.Another major step in restructuring is the leveraged buyout or leveraged restructuring, it would mean the takeover of a company using the acquired firm's assets and cash flow to obtain financing. These transactions are done by conglomerates selling off an unwanted subsidiary to private investors. Lobos also have been financed with high-yield debt or Junk Bonds and have also been done with the interest rate capped at a fixed level and interest costs above the cap added to the principal. For commercial banks, Lobos are attractive because these financing have large up-front fees.They also fill the gap in corporate lending created when large corporations begin using commercial paper and corporate bonds in place of bank loans. Sony used thi s method to acquire Metro-Golden-Mayer on September 23, 2004 which is a good deal for the company as a report suggests that they may reach $1 million to $million in 2005. Private Equity of firms or funds is to raise money from investors to invest the money in privately held companies. The sale of AVIVA to a local private equity fund after several strategic buyers balked at taking on the personal computer business.PC sales have been hurt globally by the growing sales of tablet devices. Worldwide shipments have fallen by 13. 5 per cent over the past two years. Private equity firms will then try to improve the financial results and prospects of the company in the hope of reselling the company to another firm or cashing out via an PIP. In short with the sale of AVIVA too private company, Sony is able to use the fund to focus more on their primary core business as they were having problems with competing with personal computers overseas.However the most common method in restructuring is the laying off of workers. As Japan has lots of financial crisis the biggest lay off happen when they offload its PC business and its plans to lay off 5,000 workers by March 2015. This is very common around the world. This is to conscious use of permanent personnel reduction in an attempt to improve management as one of the preferred routes to turning around declining organization by cutting cost and improving organizational performance as a form to cutting cost.When budget is tightened, many managers will start to cut the training budget thinking that training is a luxury it would make their employees more marketable Hereford leaves the company for the better Jobs. However the layoff of workers is made harder with restrictions of the country. Mergers today are the survival of the fittest. Sony Mobile Communications ABA formerly known as Sony Ericson Mobile ABA. Telecommunications equipment company Ericson under the name of Sony Ericson.Ericson, which had been in the mobile phone ma rket for decades, and was the world's third largest cellular telephone handset marker was struggling with huge losses. This was mainly due to this fire and its inability to produce cheaper phones eke Monika hence the merger with Sony in 2001. Restructuring deals the organization to maintain its competitiveness in an evolving consumer electronics market. In order for Sony to maintains its position as a leader in the electronics industry pushing the limits of innovation with products and experiences exclusive to Sony.They would have to conduct and economic model of the processes of the organization, to give a detailed view of where and the value is created to ensure that resources can be funded to different part of the organization. It allows the organization like Sony to achieve market focus, invent new businesses and change the rules of competition through technology via breakthrough. These are steps to implement to increase market share in organization. A company would be stagnant unless they introduce new market or enhanced strategies to combat competition or to introduce themselves to reach new market.The need to increase asset base may lead to mergers. This will improve the capital of the organization, acquisitions can help an organization by ward off competition. Organizational leaders often find it necessary to change how their units operate for seasons like changing unit priorities, initiating new programs. A successful organizational requires careful advance preparation and planning that addresses programmatic needs, support services required to advance organizational goals and effective workforce planning and communication.Proper communication is very important when it comes to corporate restructuring, the workers should know their limitations and their options. It is very important for the company to follow the guidelines set by the governing country to minimize the PASTEL during their pursuit of corporate restructuring process. The results from the essay have revealed that there has been significant change in profitability post restructuring program.Like Sony, many companies have responded favorably that the corporate restructuring have helped the firms to have an increase in their profitability to make their shareholders happy. Overall the analysis has indicated that Sony have successfully implemented restructuring program. It is suggested that companies at the core level should identify the problems and accordingly plan for restructuring of the required processes for achieving success so hat they can enhance shareholder's value like implement the different processes Sony have implemented.

Americanisation Is the Large Influence

Americanisation is the large influence that the United States has on other countries. This particular presentation will focus on the impact of American culture on Australia. Americanisation had started in Australia in the 1950’s, with the introduction of the Television. Since then, Australian culture has been influenced dramatically by America. Americanisation has caused Australia’s popular culture to imitate American society and culture. This presentation agrees with this thesis and will argue that Americanisation has a positive effect on Australia.In particular, it will examine American impact on Television and food, as well as Australian fashion. Television is one of the major indicators of Americanisation in Australia. It is an influential tool that shows how American culture works and operates, and affects the cultural mindset of the Australian people. In Australia, the amount of American shows to Australian shows is very huge. This is in turn provides a higher var iety of entertainment to Australian TV, at a cheap price. Many shows like Two and a Half Men and Seinfeld, are shown more than Local-variety TV shows like Home & Away and Neighbours.This means that Australia is introduced to more American culture on TV than Australian culture, and is an indicator that Americanisation is very present in Australia although food and cuisine is also highly-affected by Americanisation. Australian diets are impacted on by American chain-restaurants such as KFC, McDonalds, and Subway, all of which have chains located in Australia. These chains have turned Australian diets that are of no difference to Americans, and have introduced a wide variety of American food products.This means that Australians have a higher number of options to choose from, along with their own variety of local foods, such as lamingtons and meat pies. America’s chains in Australia have included some big-brand and highly popular names, such as McDonalds, KFC, Subway, and Burger King, along with our own unique brand names, such as Oporto, Baskin-Robins, and Hungry Jacks. This creates a unique blend of Australian cuisine, highly influenced by American culture. This is evidence of the imitation of American culture, as our diets have been made to fit theirs, and our food selections are also ainly American. Australian diets, and Aussie entertainment, have all been influenced by America, and fashion is no exception. Australian fashion is highly Americanized. This means our Aussie fashion has been has been stylized to imitate America, to suit American values and culture. A recent example of this would be the snapback hats and varsity jackets, clothing usually only seen in American Major-league sport, which have been recently introduced into Australian fashion earlier this year.This is an example of American culture seeping into Australian society, and has introduced a broader variety of clothing and styles in Australia. But even before the snapbacks, America alre ady had an extreme influence on what we wear, and how we wear it. This is proved in the sports-wear brand Nike. Nike had introduced themselves as a sport-wear company, and eventually introduced their own brand of clothing lines into Australia. Another example would be the introduction of bandannas and wearing baseball caps back-to-front.These are all examples of Americanisation on Australian culture, and what they wear, affects what we wear, and how we wear it. Australian society has a feint international presence in the world. We are a highly Americanized nation, following American culture and society, and have imitated what they do, how they entertain, what they eat, and what they wear. This means we live in an Australian society, with American culture, values, and mind-set, and has had a positive affect on Australia.

How to Structure News Stories With the Inverted Pyramid

How to Structure News Stories With the Inverted Pyramid There are a few basic rules for writing and structuring any news story. If you’re accustomed to other types of writing – such as fiction – these rules may seem odd at first. But the format is easy to pick up, and there are very practical reasons why reporters have followed this format for decades. Inverted Pyramid in News The inverted pyramid is the model for news writing. It simply means that the heaviest or most important information should be at the top – the beginning – of your story, and the least important information should go at the bottom. And as you move from top to bottom, the information presented should gradually become less important. In the age of internet news, many online news outlets have tweaked this format to align with search engines. But the basic premise remains the same: Get the most important information at the top of the news story. How to Write with the Inverted Pyramid Let’s say you’re writing a story about a fire in which two people are killed and their house is destroyed. In your reporting, you’ve gathered a lot of details including the victims’ names, the address of their home, what time the blaze broke out, and possibly what officials believe may have caused the fire. Obviously, the most important information is the fact that two people died in the fire. That’s what you want at the top of your story. Other details – the names of the deceased, the address of their home, when the fire occurred – should certainly be included. But they can be placed lower down in the story, not at the very top. And the least important information - things like what the weather was like at the time, or the color of the home - should be at the very bottom of the story (if included at all). Story Follows The Lede The other important aspect of structuring a news article is making sure the story follows logically from the lede (this is a deliberate misspelling of lead, which prevented confusion among typesetters in the early days of newspapers). So if the lede of your story focuses on the fact that two people were killed in the house fire, the paragraphs that immediately follow the lede should elaborate on that fact. You wouldnt want the second or third paragraph of the story to discuss the weather at the time of the fire, for example. Details such as the peoples names, their ages and how long they had lived in the home would all be important to include immediately following the lede sentence. History of the Inverted Pyramid The inverted pyramid format turns traditional storytelling on its head. In a short story or novel, the most important moment – the climax - typically comes about two-thirds of the way through, closer to the end. But in news writing, the most important moment is right at the start of the lede. The inverted pyramid format was developed during the Civil War. Newspaper correspondents covering that war’s great battles relied on telegraph machines to transmit their stories back to their newspapers’ offices. But often saboteurs would cut the telegraph lines, so reporters learned to transmit the most important information – General Lee defeated at Gettysburg, for instance – at the very start of the transmission to make sure it got through successfully. The use of the inverted pyramid also grew in popularity because as the news cycle grew shorter with the advent of television and online news, readers attention spans grew shorter as well. Now, theres no guarantee readers will continue to the end of a story, so getting the most important information at the top of the story is more important than ever.

3 Steps to Create an Online Course From Your Book

3 Steps to Create an Online Course From Your Book 3 Steps to Create an Online Course From Your Book Authors don’t just make money from books. Often, the majority of their income comes from what is behind the books. Recently my friend Gregory was four weeks out from publishing his first book. He had spent the better part of a year writing and preparing to launch his book. Just a few weeks out from the launch he realized he had neglected to think about something important: how was he going to monetize the back end? The journey of self-publishing hits a major milestone with the launch of a first book, but it does not end there. While a well-launched book can certainly earn a good income, if you do not monetize the back-end of the book by  consulting, speaking, or creating online courses then you are not realizing the full potential of self-publishing.As they say, a book is the new business card. But, you can’t just have a business card you need the business behind the business card as well.There are several ways to monetize the back end of a book:ServicesSoftwareConsu lting / CoachingSpeaking / WorkshopsCreate Online Course (fastest and most scalable)While I am biased, my absolute favorite method is to create  an online course. It doesn’t take 6-12 months to develop like a software product would, and it doesn’t rely on your personal time like offering services, consulting, and speaking.Knowing that I specialize in online courses, Gregory reached out to me for help with producing a course for the new book he was about to publish. I’ll be sharing  3 steps to create online courses from your books. With these tips you too can maximize the results of your next (or a previous) book. Imagine if you take every book you have published, which people are buying for $5-$10, and quickly transform the same content into a parallel product for which you can charge 10 to 100 times  that amount.3 Steps to Create an Online Course From Your BookAs the owner of a course production company, people often have the same question when it comes t o turning a book into an online course:What’s the difference? Why would people pay more for the same material?Great question. There are a couple key differences between a course and a book (aside from the obvious differences in format).Step 1 Understand the differences between a book and a courseTone If you were to read your book out loud, verbatim, that would be an audiobook which has a very different feeling to an online course.Focus Again, using the audiobook example, your audiobook might be 15 hours long, while you course is 5 hours long. A large part of the value of a book is exploring the â€Å"why† of a topic or possibly the history, while a course is designed to be extremely actionable. That means the content requires great focus.Specificity Books are filled with great stories and great ideas. They plant important seeds in your mind, and might even have some simple exercises at the end of the chapters. That being said, it takes a lot of effort to apply what you learn from a book. A significant part of the value of an online course is how easy it is to take action. If it’s a course about networking, you can provide email templates, step-by-step guides to follow, software tools you can use. It’s designed to be immediately actionable, while a book on networking might discuss more general concepts on networking such as why it’s a good idea to go to a conference, to make good eye contact, to introduce people to each other, etc.If you want to see some real life examples of the differences, check out the audiobook and the online course version of Gregory’s book to compare (you can do a free preview of each to see what I mean). Both are based on the same content, but the tone, structure, focus, and specificity is quite different. Step 2 Build an online course from a book or a manuscriptHere is the exact process we used to build courses in dozens of different industries, following our Course In A Box Method:1.) Dec ide the Format   There are many ways to build a course. You can build a text-based course, a video-based course that focused on live filming, or on recording your screen while you teach someone to program, or by recording slides as you teach. Usually it’s a mix. You can also have courses two hours long, or 20 hours long. With or without PDF handouts. With or without bonus content (such as expert interviews).Here is what we decided on  for Gregory’s course: Ultimately 3 modules, with 3-5 lessons each The lesson length would average about 10 minutes (although it ranges from 5-15) The content style would primarily be a mix of recording well-designed slides, mixed with bonus content like expert interviews, follow-along PDF guides, etc.Pro tip: How do you decide the course length/structure? One module should bring people through a major milestone. For example, setting up a website before beginning to write content and market the site in later modules. One video should have one clear, stand-alone step in the process. For example, video 3 of module 1 for Building Your New Website might entail setting up the site hosting, video 4 might be configuring wordpress, etc.2.)Turn the manuscript into a course script This means cutting the fat and changing the tone as discussed above. Your course should clearly get people from point A (where they are now) to point B (where they want to go) and this should be clearly reflected by the course script. Even if your book is quite long, you can do this in about a week if you maintain focus3.) Turn the script into a slide plan This is a document which matches up the main ideas in the script with slides that you will be recording. Most people jump straight from script to slide design, but this (quick) intermediary step ensures that your course has a good flow to it and stays organized4.) Turn the slide plan into slides Create a slide template that you like, then customize slides to match your slide plan. Or better yet, outsource this process to a professional.5.) Record the scripts as an audio file Sit down and read your script as enthusiastically as possible.Pro tips: Don’t try to record your screen with the slides at the same time, the quality will be lower. Record the audio separately then match the slides in post production.Leave a pause and say â€Å"SLIDE X† between slides. This will help with the next step, editing.6.) Combine the slides and audio file into a video file Self-explanatory. It is not  recommended that you do this yourself, as a professional likely would do it better/faster. Invest a few hundred bucks to get it done right the first time.7.) Find useful places to add extra materials PDFs, expert interviews, new examples, templates, etc. Just ask yourself every time you say do this, â€Å"how can I help them do that?†8.) Clean up, edit and structure everything into a finalized course Did everything stay organized? We recommend using a google drive folder structure that we link to below to keep things organized.9.) Upload the course to your website If you want the simplest option possible, go with Teachable. This is what we used for Gregory’s course as well. If you want something more sophisticated, go with MemberMouse (another popular option we use with clients).Step 3 Connect the book and the courseNow that youve completed the course, how do you get people from your book to find your course, and vice versa?  The simplest way is to directly link from your book to your course website. However, sometimes people will complain about that approach â€Å"they are just trying to sell their other products!!!†Another way is to direct people to a companion website which offers additional resources and downloads for free in exchange for their email address. Then you will want to set-up an email autoresponder which offers additional value and guides them through the process from having read the book to wanting to delv e  deeper and buy  the course. Pro tip:  Add this download link to the beginning AND the end of the book, and preferably a few times in the middle. Not everyone finishes every book they buy, so you want to make sure they see the link even if they stop after the first chapter. In fact, you can even include the page with the link in the â€Å"free preview† of the book on the kindle store to get even more people to see it.What kind of results would this really get?Let’s say you get 5,000 downloads as part of your book launch, then 1,000 purchases per month after that20% of those people who grab the book also check out the linkThen 50% of the people who visit the page submit their email addressFinally, 10% of those people who join your list also purchase your courseResults:You now instantly have 500 more people on your email list, and 100 more people per month ad infinitum50 people buy your course during your book launch, and 10 more people buy every monthIf your cou rse is priced at $500, then that is $25,000 in additional revenue during your book launch, and $5,000 every month after thatand that, my friends, is the power of combining a book with an online course.I know writing a book is hard (I’ve written several myself) and by the time it’s done and published you may feel done yourself. But, don’t forget that offering a course is your chance to either kick start or rapidly grow your business. The best way to maximize the value of your book is to lead people from your book to discover other parts of your brand.Give the people who  love your book the opportunity to work with you further, either through an online course or through one of the other methods discussed above. Leave a comment with questions about this process, or share your  results creating an  online course from your book.  I look forward to hearing about your success.

Organizational Effectievness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational Effectievness - Essay Example Rational, open and natural systems approaches are among the strategies that can be adopted to accomplish organizational goals. This paper presents a critique as to why most managers find rational approaches to organizations and organising appealing. It highlights with examples how taking an open or a natural systems approach benefits managers. Rational Approaches The rational system perspective views organizations as mechanisms intended to accomplish particular goals. The approaches provide a means to the goals but not a basis for development of goals. In other words, rational approaches facilitate the achievement of organizational goals regardless of whether they are smart or not (Marnet 2007). According to Gans (1996), rationality requires specific goals that are formalized to enhance their accomplishment. This is necessitated by the fact that rational approaches involve various segments that contribute to the attainment of organizational goals. Goal specificity is usually appealin g to managers since it allows them to make appropriate choices regarding the available alternatives without ambiguity. It allows the prioritization and assignment of various functions and resources in the organization (Das 2003). The organizational structure also highly depends on specificity of goals. Generally, specific goals guide decision making as to what particular tasks need to be performed, the nature of human resources to be engaged as well as how funds are to be distributed among the team players within the organization (Tolbert & Richard 2008). The significance of goal specificity can be illustrated through the functioning of military organizations. Although people might argue regarding the role of the military, there is a specific goal of enhancing defence in a particular jurisdiction. People are assigned particular. The decision making process is clearly defined and therefore there can be no confusion in accomplishing the organizational goals. Rationality applies regard less of whether the goals of the military organization are indecorous or not (Gans 1996). Rational approaches allow formalization of the organizational structure which in turn promotes ownership of the goals among members. Formalization enhances standardization of behaviours among members thereby maintaining predictability of outcomes of various actions (Provan & Milward 1995). Generally, formalization guides actions of various people involved in the accomplishment of goals. It also allows the presence of a smooth transition in a situation whereby replacement of an employee is needed. The incoming employee is selected on the basis of skills as stated in the formal structure (Handel 2002). Taylor’s model of scientific management is among the rational approaches that managers have found useful in accomplishing organizational goals. It involves assessing tasks in the workplace and ensuring that the processes involved produce maximum output with minimal inputs in terms of labour and materials (Christian 2003). All processes are experimented and proved to serve the desired purpose before putting them in practice. Scientific management helps to eliminate procedures that lead to time wasting and inefficiency. At a glance, managers are in a position to tell what activity every person in the organization is involved in. Workers do not have to wait for instructions to perform tasks. Rather, they have a scheme that they follow on daily basis (Tolbert & Richard 2008). Scientific management ensures that workplace rules govern the behaviour of individuals making management functions easy to undertake. Workers are selected scientifically through assessment of their

Nagarjuna's Concept of Emptiness versus Buddhist Philosophical Essay

Nagarjuna's Concept of Emptiness versus Buddhist Philosophical Teaching - Essay Example The beliefs of emptiness is not just an ultimate error but the foundation for attachments that humans have, besides this, it is responsible for the adhering to and development of numerous prejudices. On the other hand, Buddhist philosophical teaching has narrations which are a style of representing a topic and not its theme; this is the core of Buddhist art. The representation becomes a narrative when its representation unfolds as a chain of events or at times it becomes a story that consists of various episodes; the representation revolves around an action that progress into time and later into space. Nagarjuna's concept of emptiness has the notion of intrinsic and independent existence that is often incompatible with causation because causation signifies contingency and dependence; therefore, something that poses independence is usually immutable and self-enclosed. Everything is composed of events that are dependently related and have phenomena that are continuous interacting with an essence that is not fixed or immutable hence they have a relation that is constantly changing. Both occasions and possessions are bare and do not possess permanent essence, realities that are intrinsic or an absolute being that make them afford impartiality. Infirmity takes place when there is grasping of autonomous existence; this eventually leads to a series of actions that are destructive, sufferings, and reactions. In addition to this, the theory of Nagarjuna emptiness has profound ethical and psychological implications (Olson, 45). For instance, ideologies responsible for dividing humanity come from the tendency of people to perceive things to be inherently divided and disconnected; this misconception brings about the belief that the divisions are essentially independent and self-existent. On the other hand, Buddhism narration involved ancient classics and the story and all related action unfolds out of disclosure; they often evolve from a chain of stories that are not linke d together. Discourse and introduction of the story initiates moral in the story and supports it, same applies to the other story and the other except for the case of visual narration which is somewhat different. In visual narration, moral is deducted but does not come at the beginning of the narration; likewise, it has the discourse technique but it is not on the ground to take off. The narrator is required to be precise when selecting episodes that are able to reveal the whole story; moreover, the narrator has to know how to portray actors, represent spaces in the story and shape the time during which the story unfolds (Edelglass, 602). Literary narratives have stories that manipulate time and space; for instance, in a sentence that talks about two people who met in France after five years and they both had grown beards has time and space appearing in the narrative body. It is said that in one of his first sermons, the Buddha made a prescription of a middle path between the charac ters of self indulgence and self mortification, stating that there had to be a balance between the two. Nagarjuna, who came in a later period, made a citation of the same but while this was the case, he went even further by stating that there was a middle way between existence and non-existence and also between what is permanent and what is not. According to this philosopher, the development of ignorance among individuals tends to be the source of all the suffering that they

Summarize Strategic Management in a Healthcare Organization Research Paper

Summarize Strategic Management in a Healthcare Organization - Research Paper Example Additionally, Strategic management has a combination of elements that are correlated and are crucial to achieving the predetermined objectives. Strategic management is important in healthcare organizations because it plays a fundamental role in correctly predicting the future and establishing mechanisms for dealing with emerging issues (Hunger & Wheelen 2010). Ideally, strategic management assist healthcare organizations in identifying potential opportunities as well as challenges and establishes mechanisms for dealing with the inherent situations (Hunger & Wheelen 2010). Strategic management is essential for healthcare organizations because it aids in planning for various activities and operations effectively discarding frustrations. Healthcare organizations are constantly faced with external threats, and strategic management provides a solution to this challenging event. Ideally, strategic management aid in determining external pressure by coming up with effective solutions to deal with the issues (Hunger & Wheelen 2010). Strategic management is important in a healthcare organization because it is growth oriented. Essentially, the role of strategic management is to constantly seek for opportunities that are effective for success (Hill et al., 2012). Healthcare organizations require strategic management plans as a consequence of remaining relevant in a dynamic environment. The tool can aid healthcare organizations in planning, monitoring development programs and the implementation of processes. Consequently, healthcare organizations are capable of predicting the future and responding to the inherent challenges and

Poverty Porn Essay Example for Free

Poverty Porn Essay Fundraising is a noble and selfless deed. However, an ethical issue has risen concerning the process of raising funds for poverty-stricken communities. Often, visuals of the harsh lives people in poverty face are portrayed when raising funds. The exploitation of such visuals to increase donations or support a cause is known as poverty pornography (Collin, 2009). Poverty pornography is effective in raising funds but it is incorrect due to the unethical way it is carried out that degrades the poverty-stricken communities. Poverty pornography is widely used by charitable organisations because it is an effective method of collecting donations. Research has shown that negative stimuli which evoke emotion can easily capture an individual’s attention (Murphy, Hill, Ramponi, Calder Barnard, 2010). Images of children as well as those which bring about negative emotions also tend to generate more donations (Burt Strongman, 2005). Thus, the disturbing visuals of dying children and women as well as their harsh living conditions portrayed in poverty pornography is effective in grabbing attention and generating feelings of sympathy. These feelings are then converted into actions whereby donations are increased. Therefore, poverty pornography plays a role in helping poverty-stricken communities as it easily grabs people’s attention and encourages them to increase their donations. However, its method of exploiting visuals that degrade the poverty-stricken communities makes poverty pornography unethical. The exploitation of biased visuals depicts poverty-stricken communities in a negative manner. Common examples are severely malnourished African children staring at the camera, waiting to be â€Å"saved† (Osa, 2010). While it is true that there are malnourished children, there are healthier children too. However, poverty pornography is biased as it does not represent this side of poverty-stricken communities. Although taken for a good cause, a distorted image of them is painted (Opoku-Owusu, 2003). This is unethical as the partial representation degrades them, leaving the impression that they are helpless individuals, waiting for their lives to be taken away and unable to do anything. On the other hand, some charitable organisations try to incorporate positive images into their advertisements by showing the after-effects of our donations. For example, they may show visuals of happy, smiling children as a result of our aid. However, such images indirectly degrade the communities as it gives us the impression that without our assistance, they are unable to survive. In 2001, a poll conducted in United Kingdom discovered that 74% thought that â€Å"Developing countries depend on the money and knowledge of the West to progress† (Voluntary Service Overseas, 2002). From this, we can deduce that many have the perception that poverty-stricken communities are weak and vulnerable as they are highly dependent on our help. However, this may not be true because in reality, they are the most â€Å"strongest willed, most tenacious people one could hope to meet† (Cowdroy Evans, 2010). Thus, the misrepresentation creates a false impression that poverty-stricken communities are weak and cannot survive without our aid. This false impression may also create an environment of self-pity which may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. The self-fulfilling prophecy, introduced by Merton (1948), refers to circumstances whereby an initial false claim later turns into reality. The exploitation of negative visuals pertaining to the lives of poverty-stricken communities has led to a stereotype that they are â€Å"uneducated, incapable of freeing themselves from poverty, lacking in competence, and miserable† (Clark, 2004). This stereotype may cause people to hold negative expectations on the poverty-stricken communities (Madon, Jussim, Eccles, 1997). Although these negative expectations may not be true initially, the poverty-stricken communities might adhere to them thus leading to a self-fulfilled prophecy. Therefore, the use of poverty pornography to assist them may backfire as incorrect claims can become true. Nevertheless, many organizations unremittingly use poverty pornography. Does this make poverty pornography a necessary evil? Poverty pornography is definitely not a necessary evil. It is unethical to degrade or stereotype the poverty-stricken communities, even if it is for a noble cause. Moreover, poverty pornography can instead contribute to the  poverty cycle as the negative assumptions about the poverty-stricken communities may become self-fulfilling prophecies. Thus, instead of eradicating poverty, it may worsen the conditions of poverty-stricken communities. However what other methods can we adopt to increase awareness on the needs of the poverty-stricken communities without degrading them? Instead of exploiting biased images that generate feelings of sympathy, programmes that create feelings of empathy and responsibility can be created. One such event is the inaugural 30 Hour Famine Camp in Singapore held by World Vision. In this camp, youths are given a feel of life in poverty by taking part in activities that simulates lives of children in poverty. The youths also make a stand to end global poverty by fasting for thirty hours. This camp generates empathy which encourages youths to not only donate but also to think of more ways to assist by allowing them to realise that they have the ability and responsibility to help end poverty. To portray full representation of their lives, some have embarked on projects like ‘Perspectives of Poverty’ which â€Å"expose[s] this bias [poverty pornography] and present people in a light of dignity† (McNiholl, n.d). Even though it may not help in raising funds, by presenting poverty-stricken in a better light, it balances off how degrading poverty pornography has been and slowly alters people’s perception on poverty-stricken communities. This can help remove stereotypes on them thus avoid self-fulfilling prophecies. Poverty pornography has proven to be effective. However, its unethical methods have undermined the usefulness of helping poverty-stricken communities. Instead of assisting, it strips them of their dignity, their ability to help themselves and contribute to the poverty cycle. Even though poverty pornography cannot be eradicated in the near future as it is widely used, the two methods presented above are examples of how we can slowly break away from poverty pornography. People in poverty are human beings too. Thus, in the process of assisting them, we must create a full representation of them and treat them as dignified human beings. To achieve this, poverty pornography must be eradicated. REFERENCES Burt, CDB. Strongman, K. Use Of Images In Charity Advertising: Improving Donations and Compliance Rates. International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 8(8) 1, Retrieved from http://www.usq.edu.au/extrafiles/business/journals/HRMJournal/InternationalArticles/Volume%208/Burt%20Vol%208%20no%208.pdf Clark, D. J. (2004). The production of a contemporary famine image: The image economy, indigenous photographers and the case of Mekanic Philipos. Journal of International Development, 16, 693–704. DOI: 10.1002/jid.112 Collin, M. (2009). What is ‘poverty porn’ and why does it matter for development? Retrieved 16 July 2011 from Aid Thoughts website: http://aidthoughts.org/?p=69 Cowdroy, J. Evans, H. (2005), Poverty Pornography. Retrieved 16 July, 2011 from The Global Poverty Project website: http://www.globalpovertyproject.com/blog/view/238 Madon, S., Jussim, L., Eccles, J. (1997). In search of the powerful self-fulfilling prophecy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(4), 791-809. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.72.4.791 Merton, R.K. (1948). The self-fulfilling prophecy. The Antioch Review, 8(2), 193-210. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Murphy, F. C., Hill, E. L., Ramponi, C. C., Calder, A. J., Barnard, P. J. (2010). Paying attention to emotional images with impact. Emotion, 10(5), 605-614. DOI: 10.1037/a0019681 Opoku-Owusu, S. A. S. (2003). What can the African diaspora do to challenge distorted media perceptions about Africa? London: AFFORD. Osa, E. (2010). The starving baby syndrome is hurting Africa’s image. New African, (501), 72-73. Retrieved from EBSCOhost Scale E. (2010), WaterAid UK And Poverty Porn. Retrieved 16 July, 2011 from The Global Poverty Project website http://www.globalpovertyproject.com/blogs/view/262 Voluntary Service Overseas, (2002). The Live Aid legacy: The developing world through British eyes – A research report. London, UK: Voluntary Service Overseas.